Machine learning (ML) has found broad applicability in quantum information science in topics as diverse as experimental design, state classification, and even studies on quantum foundations. Here, we experimentally realize an approach for defining custom prior distributions that are automatically tuned using ML for use with Bayesian quantum state estimation methods. Previously, researchers have looked to Bayesian quantum state tomography due to its unique advantages like natural uncertainty quantification, the return of reliable estimates under any measurement condition, and minimal mean-squared error. However, practical challenges related to long computation times and conceptual issues concerning how to incorporate prior knowledge most suitably can overshadow these benefits. Using both simulated and experimental measurement results, we demonstrate that ML-defined prior distributions reduce net convergence times and provide a natural way to incorporate both implicit and explicit information directly into the prior distribution. These results constitute a promising path toward practical implementations of Bayesian quantum state tomography.

A biological system is a complex network of heterogeneous molecular entities and their interactions contributing to various biological characteristics of the system. However, current biological networks are noisy, sparse, and incomplete, limiting our ability to create a holistic view of the biological system and understand the biological phenomena. Experimental identification of such interactions is both time-consuming and expensive. With the recent advancements in high-throughput data generation and significant improvement in computational power, various computational methods have been developed to predict novel interactions in the noisy network. Recently, deep learning methods such as graph neural networks have shown their effectiveness in modeling graph-structured data and achieved good performance in biomedical interaction prediction. However, graph neural networks-based methods require human expertise and experimentation to design the appropriate complexity of the model and significantly impact the performance of the model. Furthermore, deep graph neural networks face overfitting problems and tend to be poorly calibrated with high confidence on incorrect predictions. To address these challenges, we propose Bayesian model selection for graph convolutional networks to jointly infer the most plausible number of graph convolution layers (depth) warranted by data and perform dropout regularization simultaneously. Experiments on four interaction datasets show that our proposed method achieves accurate and calibrated predictions. Our proposed method enables the graph convolutional networks to dynamically adapt their depths to accommodate an increasing number of interactions.

大气效应（例如湍流和背景热噪声）抑制了在开关键控自由空间光学通信中使用的相干光的传播。在这里，我们介绍并实验验证了卷积神经网络，以降低后处理中自由空间光学通信的位错误率，而自由空间光学通信的位比基于高级光学器件的现有解决方案明显简单，更便宜。我们的方法由两个神经网络组成，这是第一个确定在热噪声和湍流中存在相干位序列以及第二个解调相干位序列的存在。通过生成连贯的光线，将它们与热灯结合在一起，并通过湍流的水箱将其结合起来，通过生成开关的键入键流，可以通过实验获得我们网络的所有数据，从而获得了模拟的湍流，并将其传递给了最终的光线。高度准确性。我们的卷积神经网络提高了与阈值分类方案相比的检测准确性，并具有与当前解调和误差校正方案集成的能力。

我们利用深度顺序模型来解决预测患者医疗保健利用的问题，这可能有助于政府更好地为未来的医疗保健使用提供资源。具体地，我们研究\纺织{发散亚组}的问题，其中较小的人口小组中的结果分布大大偏离了一般人群的群体。如果亚组的尺寸非常小（例如，稀有疾病），则对不同亚组的专业模型建造专门模型的传统方法可能是有问题的。为了解决这一挑战，我们首先开发一种新的无关注顺序模型，SANSFORMERS，灌输了适合在电子医疗记录中建模临床码的归纳偏差。然后，我们通过在整个健康登记处预先培训每个模型（接近100万名患者）之前，设计了一个特定的自我监督目标，并展示其有效性，特别是稀缺数据设置，特别是在整个健康登记处（接近一百万名患者）进行微调下游任务不同的子组。我们使用两个数据来源与LSTM和变压器模型进行比较新的SANSFARER架构和辅助医疗利用预测的多任务学习目标。凭经验，无关注的Sansformer模型在实验中始终如一地执行，在大多数情况下以至少$ \ SIM 10 $ \％表现出在大多数情况下的基线。此外，在预测医院访问数量时，自我监督的预训练将在整个始终提高性能，例如通过超过$ \ sim 50 $ \％（和高度为800美元\％）。